Interfacial reactions of liquid Sn and Sn-3.5Ag solders with Ag thick films

The interfacial reactions of liquid Sn and Sn-3.5Ag solders with Ag thick films are investigated in the temperature range from 250–325 °C, and the morphology of intermetallic compounds formed after such soldering reactions is observed. In kinetics analysis of the growths of intermetallic compounds, it was found that both Sn/Ag and Sn-3.5Ag/Ag reactions were interfacial-controlled, and the growth rates for both cases were similar. The rate of Ag dissolution into liquid solder attendant on the formation of interfacial intermetallic compounds after Sn/Ag reaction was about four times higher than that after Sn-3.5Ag/Ag reaction, as evidenced by experimental results.     

Flame-Sprayed Glaze Coatings: Effects of Operating Parameters and Feedstock Characteristics Onto Coating Structures

Many substrates do not sustain the conventional glazing process (i.e., vitreous glazing) due to the relatively high temperature required by this treatment (i.e., up to 1400 °C in some cases) to fuse glazes after their application on the surface to be covered. Flame spraying could appear as a solution to circumvent this limitation and to avoid thermal decomposition of substrates. This contribution describes some structural attributes of glaze coatings manufactured by flame spraying. It also discusses the influence of the feedstock powder morphology and some of its physical properties on coating characteristics. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

铝合金焊缝超声TOFD检测的信号特征

针对厚板铝合金焊接接头的检测，研究了超声衍射时间差法（TOFD）检测时的信号特征及衍射规律，并探讨了最佳检测工艺参数和缺陷测量精度。研究结果表明，缺陷尺寸的测量结果与真实值基本吻合。其研究为实际焊接接头的检测奠定了基础。     

引洮7~#隧洞含水疏松砂岩地层冻结法施工数值模拟

为探究含水疏松砂岩地层引水隧洞冻结施工中冻土帷幕的形成过程及力学特性,对引水隧洞的冻结施工及开挖过程进行三维数值模拟。研究了冻土帷幕的温度场、应力及位移的分布,计算出冻土帷幕完全形成所需的时间及其压、拉、剪应力极值并确定极值发生的位置。结合现场监测数据,分析了冻结过程中冻土的温度变化规律及冻土帷幕的形成机理,最后提出了相应的措施及建议。     

掏挖基础在强风化砂岩地基中的应用探讨

文章对强风化砂岩抗剪强度指标进行了分析和探讨,提出了用岩体结构面抗剪强度指标折减来获得强风化砂岩的内摩擦角和粘聚力的方法,并结合掏挖基础应用条件,通过计算掏挖基础在强风化砂岩地基应用时扩底成型稳定性,得出在强风化泥质粉砂岩和粉砂岩地区掏挖基础在施工过程中能够掏挖成型并大量应用的结论.     

大采高综放开采煤岩损伤统计力学模型

根据特厚煤层大采高综放开采煤壁前方支承压力的分布特征,从煤岩内部缺陷的随机性分布特征出发,基于反映煤岩内部缺陷的微元强度服从韦布分布的概念,建立了支承压力作用下煤岩的损伤统计力学模型,确定了特厚煤层大采高综放面在煤壁片帮不影响生产的情况下的合理采高,并分析了特厚煤层大采高综放面合理采高与煤壁片帮程度、煤层内摩擦角、煤层...     

深厚覆盖层坝基防渗及风积砂筑坝可行性探讨

以黄河干流上某水利枢纽基本资料为依托,在分析坝基基本地质条件、坝基土体工程性质的基础上,从坝基土体组成及工程特性、水库运行期的淤积效应两方面,对深厚覆盖层坝基防渗进行了探讨。此外,坝区风积沙广泛分布,依据现行水利水电行业规程,结合场区风积沙的特性,对风积沙作为筑坝材料的可行性进行了初步分析。     

A large-displacement 65Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–35PbTiO3/Pt bimorph actuator prepared by screen printing

In this paper we present a novel approach to preparing large-displacement 65Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–35PbTiO₃/Pt (65/35 PMN–PT/Pt) bimorph actuators. These “substrate-free”, bending-type actuators were prepared by screen-printing the 65/35 PMN–PT and Pt thick-film pastes as the electrodes on alumina substrates. After this screen printing and the subsequent firing the 65/35 PMN–PT/Pt composites were peeled off from the substrates. Displacements of nearly 100 μm at 18 V were achieved for actuators with dimensions of 1.8 cm × 2.5 mm × 50 μm for the 65/35 PMN–PT layer. The normalized displacement (the displacement per unit length) was 40 μm/cm at 18 V. The experimental results together with a computation procedure were used to obtain the material parameters for a finite-element analysis of the 65/35 PMN–PT/Pt bimorph actuators.     

厚膜电容式压力传感器

介绍一种厚膜电容式压力传感器,它以陶瓷弹性体和盖板为电容的电极,电极材料为钯银导体,传感器包括压力敏感芯片和电容一电压转换电路,该芯片是由两块能牢固键合成一体的基板组成,基板材料为96％Al2O3陶瓷。传感器量程为0～200kPa,电容值20pF,非线性0．3％,工作温度一20～＋85℃,零点温漂d＼T-200pom／℃。具有易于批量生产、性能／价格比高等技术优势。     

High-Performance Green Thick-Film Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Crystallinity Regulation

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) has reached high values of over 19%. However, most of the high-efficiency OSCs are fabricated by spin-coating with toxic solvents and the optimal photoactive layer thickness is limited to 100 nm, limiting practical development of OSCs. It is a great challenge to obtain ideal morphology for high-efficiency thick-film OSCs when using non-halogenated solvents due to the unfavorable film formation kinetics. Herein, high-efficiency ternary thick-film (300 nm) OSCs with PCE of 15.4% based on PM6:BTR-Cl:CH1007 are fabricated by hot slot-die coating using non-halogenated solvent (o-xylene) in the air. Compared to PM6:BTR-Cl:Y6 blends, the stronger pre-aggregation of CH1007 in solution induces the earlier aggregation of CH1007 molecules and longer aggregation time, and thus results in high and balanced crystallinity of donors and acceptor in CH1007-based ternary film, which led to high-carrier mobility and suppressed charge recombination. The ternary strategy is further used to fabricate high-efficiency, thick-film, large-area, and flexible devices processed from non-halogenated solvents, paving the way for industrial development of OSCs.